What happens when material exceeds the speed of sound?

When material exceeds the speed of sound, it creates a shock wave. This phenomenon occurs because the object is moving faster than the speed at which sound travels through the medium. As the object moves, it compresses the air in front of it, leading to a sudden change in pressure and temperature that manifests as a shock wave. This wave is a result of the rapid displacement of air, producing loud noises and turbulent air movements, which can have significant implications in various fields, including military operations and aerospace engineering.

The creation of a shock wave can also affect surrounding materials, but it specifically signifies the interaction between an object and the medium as it breaks the sound barrier. This is an essential principle in understanding explosive safety, as shock waves are a critical factor in the way explosions behave and how they can impact their environment. Understanding this concept is vital for personnel involved in handling explosives and managing potential hazards associated with high-speed materials.